This book addresses one of the most controversial aspects of contemporary China, one that is often treated superficially or, frequently, openly or conveniently ignored. However, those in the Asian giant argue that this aspect represents a central axis around which its dizzying process of transformation operates: Marxism. What role has it played? Isn't this country an example of what has come to be called state capitalism? Or would it be better described as market socialism? How can this duality be reconciled, if such a contradiction is even sustainable?

From Mao and the origins of the Chinese Revolution, through Deng Xiaoping and his reform and opening-up, to Xi Jinping's presidency, the Communist Party of China insists that Marxist ideology is one of its theoretical foundations and its guide for political practice. But, it adds, it is not a mere copy and paste of other experiences; China has adapted it to its own reality and times, combined it with the cultural traditions of its civilization, and uses it as long as it guarantees its leadership and the achievement of its objectives. Let us examine in detail, then, what Marxism with Chinese characteristics is all about; this roadmap that has turned the current international balance of power upside down and challenged our belief in a model of development and governance with no possible alternative.